Urticaceae



Urtica dioica L.
Urtica dioica L.
Urtica dioica L.
Urtica dioica L.
Urtica dioica L.

Urtica L.
Urtica dioica L.
Ömür: Çok yıllık
Yapı: ot
Hayat formu:
İlk çiçeklenme zamanı: 6
Son çiçeklenme zamanı: 9
Habitat: ormanlar, gölgeli vadiler ve kayalar, su kenarları
Minimum yükseklik: 500
Maksimum yükseklik: 2700
Endemik: -
Element: Avrupa-Sibirya
Türkiye dağılımı: Türkiye
Genel dağılımı: Avrupa, K. Afrika, B. Asya, Sibirya
Bulunduğu iller
Bulunduğu kareler :A1 A2 A3 A7 B1 B4 B7 B8 B9 B10 C3 C4 C5 C6 C10

 
U. dioica L., Sp. Pl. 984 (1753). Ic: Hegi, I11. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 3: t. 88 (1909); Ross-Craig, Draw. Brit. PL 27: t. 8 (1970).
Coarse perennial herb with an extensively spreading, matted root system, forming clumps, 30-150 cm tall. Leaves broadly ovate (varying to narrowly lanceolate), 4-11 x 3-10 cm, sharply and coarsely dentate, acuminate. Di-oecious (in Turkey), rarely monoecious. Male and female inflorescences similar in form, to c. 8 cm, much-branched. Female flowers with prominent purplish penicillate stigma, inner pair of perianth segments finally accrescent to c. 1.5 mm, ovate, pilose over entire surface. Fl. 6-9. Forests, shaded ravines and rocks, margins of streams, 500-2700 m.
Described from Europe (Hb. Linn. 1111/8!).
Widespread but scattered. A1(A) Balikesir: Marmara Adasi, 500 m, A. Bay-top (ISTE 13744)! A2(E) Istanbul: Istanbul, 1 v 1979, Kavalali (!). A3 Bolu?: Karadere to Yedigöl, 650 m, D. 37691! A7 Giresun: Tamdere to Yavuzkemal, 1500 m, D. 20762! B1 Izmir: nr Izmir, Bal. B4 Ankara: Ankara, Bornm. 1892:3116! B7 Elaziğ: Hasarbaba Da., Gölçük, B. Post. B8 Erzurum: Erzurum, Tchihatcheff. B9 Bitlis: Karz Da. above Kamer, 2300 m, D. 24582! B10 Kars: Akova gorge, Ararat, 2285 m, Hewitt 234! C3 Antalya: Ak Da., S. of Geyik Da., 2300 m, D. 14368! C4 Konya: Kara Da. above Direk, Andrasovszky 175. C5 Niğde: valley W. of Maden, Darrah 313! C6 Adana: Düldül Da., D. 16379! Gaziantep: Gaziantep, Hb. G. Post. C10 Hakkari: Sat Da., above Yüksekova, 2700 m, Duncan & Tait 64! Is: Imroz, Forsskål; Lesvos, mt. Ordimnos, at Ipsilon monastery, 500 m, Edmondson & McClintock 2625 (!).
Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia, Siberia. Euro-Sib. element. Widespread as an adventive in many other parts of the world. The various small species described as vicariads of this plant, as well as the numerous infraspecific taxa recorded from Turkey and elsewhere, need monographic treatment. Field studies are unattractive, but without such intimate contact, judgement on the critical segregates of this common nettle would be rash.